Hypericum umbellatum (Nomenclature)
Perennial herb 0.25–0.6 m tall, erect, not rooting (or, fide Kerner, base creeping and stoloniferous), with stems few to several, unbranched below inflorescence. Stems narrowly 2-lined above, terete below; internodes 20– 40 mm, mostly exceeding leaves, lowermost shorter than them. Leaves sessile, not amplexicaul; lamina 15–40 × 12–30 mm, broadly elliptic-ovate or oblong-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, paler beneath, thinly chartaceous; apex rounded, margin plane, entire, base truncate to shallowly subcordate; venation: 3 pairs of main laterals from lower 2/5 of midrib, branching, with rather dense tertiary reticulation; laminar glands pale and black, rather dense; intramarginal glands black, irregular. Inflorescence 6–25-flowered, from 2(3) nodes, the uppermost internode short, without flowering branches below, the whole obconic; pedicels 1.5–2 mm; bracts foliar, bracteoles linear-lanceolate, glandular-ciliate. Flowers c. 15 mm in diam., stellate; buds ellipsoid, rounded. Sepals 5, subequal, free, 4–7 × 1–3 mm, narrowly oblong to linear-lanceolate, subacute to acute, glandular-ciliate to shortly fimbriate, erect in fruit?; veins 3(4), unbranched or branching outwardly, slightly prominent; laminar glands all black or a few pale, basally linear to distally punctiform; marginal glands black, on cilia. Petals 5, bright? yellow, not tinged red, 10–14 × 4–5 mm, 2–2.5 × sepals, narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, rounded; laminar glands black, shortly linear to punctiform, scattered; marginal glands black, distal, on cilia. Stamens c. 30 or more, longest c. 8–10 mm, 0.7–0.8 × petals. Ovary 2.5–3 × 1.5–2 mm, ovoid; styles 5–6 mm, 2–2.5 × ovary. Capsule 4–6 × 3.5–4.5 mm, broadly ovoid; valves with glands pale, scarcely prominent, shortly elongate vittae to round orange vesicles. Seeds stramineous?, 1.1–1.3 mm; testa ribbed.
Shaded Fagus woods and wooded gorges in mountains on calcareous soil; c. 1000 m.
Romania (Transylvanian Carpathians), southeast Serbia, northwest Bulgaria, Greece (Thasos?, see Parent, 2005).
Hypericum umbellatum is the basal species in the group that includes 5. H. bithynicum, both of which have broad leaves with densely reticulate venation and petals with laminar black glands distributed all over. It differs from H. bithynicum in always having some pale laminar leaf glands and in the capsule valves with short vittae as well as vesicles. These relatively primitive characters, together with its bimodal disjunct distribution (central Romania, Serbia/Bulgaria), suggest that H. umbellatum is a relict species having a direct relationship to H. perfoliatum.
Schur gave a valid name to Baumgarten’s specimen of Hypericum baumgartenianum Schur.